Charged conducting balls vs insulating balls

• The Avogadro constant is $N_A = 6.022 \cdot 10^{23} \text{ mol}^{-1}$
  • Note: When we write the unit as $\text{ mol}^{-1}$, we mean particles per mole. We could also write this unit as $mol^{-1}=\frac{1}{mol}$.
• All electrons have the same charge, which is $e = -1.602\cdot10^{-19} \text{ C}$.

• Total Charge

• None, we have all the information we need.

• The total number of particles $N$ can be found from the number of moles $m$ using the Avogadro constant: $N = m \cdot N_A$.
• The total charge $Q$ can be written as the number of particles $N$ times the charge of each particle ($e$, for electrons): $Q=N\cdot e$.